In an opinion stating that the importance of accurate legal advice for noncitizens has never been more important, the U.S. Supreme Court today said that lawyers now have a constitutional obligation to advise their clients of the immigration-related consequences of a criminal conviction. The plaintiff in Padilla v. Kentucky is Jose Padilla (not the convicted terrorist), who was born in Honduras, lived in the United States legally for over 40 years, and served as a member of the U.S. Armed Forces during the Vietnam War. Charged with marijuana possession, he followed his attorney's advice to plead guilty and was deported.
Justice Stevens wrote for the majority:
It is our responsibility under the Constitution to ensure that no criminal defendant -- whether a citizen or not -- is left to the 'mercies of incompetent counsel.'
The State Bar, through its Criminal Issues Initiative, has taken the lead in informing attorneys and the public about the collateral consequences of conviction. Resources are available on the State Bar's website: